Plant Biology Quiz

1. What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

1. Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
2. Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
3. Glucose + water → oxygen + carbon dioxide
4. Sunlight + water → glucose + carbon dioxide

2. What is chlorophyll and where is it found?

1. A green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light for photosynthesis
2. A hormone that controls flowering
3. A protein in the cell wall
4. A sugar stored in roots

3. What are the three main organs of a flowering plant?

1. Flower, seed, and soil
2. Leaf, bark, and fruit
3. Petal, sepal, and pollen
4. Root, stem, and leaf

4. What are stomata and what do they do?

1. Cells that store starch in leaves
2. Root hairs that absorb water
3. Structures that carry water up the stem
4. Tiny pores (mainly on the underside of leaves) that allow gas exchange and water vapour to pass in and out

5. What is the function of xylem in plants?

1. Producing hormones for growth
2. Storing glucose in the stem
3. Transporting sugars from leaves to the rest of the plant
4. Transporting water and dissolved minerals from roots to the rest of the plant

6. What does phloem transport?

1. Carbon dioxide to leaves
2. Dissolved sugars (mainly sucrose) from leaves to the rest of the plant
3. Mineral ions only
4. Water from roots to leaves

7. What is transpiration?

1. The absorption of CO₂ by leaves
2. The loss of water vapour from a plant, mainly through the stomata
3. The process of a plant making seeds
4. The transport of food through the phloem

8. What is pollination?

1. The fertilisation of an egg cell by a sperm cell in plants
2. The germination of a seed
3. The production of nectar by flowers
4. The transfer of pollen from anther to stigma

9. What are the main differences between wind-pollinated and insect-pollinated flowers?

1. Insect-pollinated flowers tend to be brightly coloured with nectar; wind-pollinated flowers are small and dull with feathery stigmas
2. There is no structural difference between them
3. Wind-pollinated flowers are always larger and more colourful
4. Wind-pollinated flowers smell strongly; insect-pollinated ones have no scent

10. What is phototropism?

1. A plant growing toward gravity
2. A plant growing toward or away from light
3. A plant producing flowers in response to day length
4. A plant's roots absorbing water

11. What plant hormone controls elongation of cells and is involved in tropisms?

1. Adrenaline
2. Auxin
3. Gibberellin
4. Insulin

12. What are the conditions needed for seed germination?

1. Fertiliser, water, and darkness
2. Soil, light, and carbon dioxide
3. Sunlight, water, and wind
4. Water, warmth (suitable temperature), and oxygen

13. What is the function of the root hair cells?

1. To absorb carbon dioxide from the soil
2. To anchor the plant only
3. To increase the surface area for absorbing water and mineral ions from the soil
4. To store starch for the plant

14. What limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

1. Light intensity, CO₂ concentration, and temperature
2. Mineral content of the soil only
3. Only temperature
4. Oxygen concentration and water only

15. What is the role of flowers in plant reproduction?

1. To absorb water and minerals
2. To attract pollinators and house the reproductive organs for sexual reproduction
3. To carry out photosynthesis
4. To store food for the plant

16. What is vegetative propagation?

1. A method of pollination using insects
2. Asexual reproduction in plants using vegetative parts such as roots, stems, or leaves
3. Reproduction involving flowers and pollen
4. The growth of new leaves in spring

17. What is the function of the waxy cuticle on a leaf?

1. Absorbing sunlight for photosynthesis
2. Allowing gas exchange between the leaf and the air
3. Reducing water loss by evaporation from the leaf surface
4. Transporting water through the leaf

18. What mineral is essential for plants to make chlorophyll?

1. Calcium
2. Magnesium
3. Phosphorus
4. Potassium

19. What type of reproduction do spores represent in ferns and mosses?

1. Asexual reproduction not requiring fertilisation
2. Pollination by wind
3. Sexual reproduction using gametes
4. Vegetative reproduction from runners

20. What do plants use glucose for after photosynthesis?

1. Breathing only
2. Converting directly into oxygen
3. Producing carbon dioxide
4. Respiration for energy, building cellulose for cell walls, making amino acids, and storing as starch